preparation and evaluation anticancer activity of d-glucosamine nanoparticles on metastatic cancer model in vivo

objective(s): breast cancer imposes a highest rate of malignancy among the women all around the world. chitin and its derivatives such as d-glucosamine-carboxymethyl chitin and di-hydroxy propyl chitin have immune-modulating effects and influence on innate and acquisitive immunity which lead to cell activity enhancement. the aim of this study was investigating the effect of d-glucosamine nanoparticle on immune responses such as the changes in cytokines type 1 and 2 level in tumoral mice. methods: nanoparticles were synthesized by ionic gelation method and characterized by dls and sem methods. tumors were induced in experimental mice and subsequently treated with nanoparticles. then, the production of cytokine interferon-γ (ifn-γ) and interleukin 4 (il-4) were evaluated. results: the obtained results showed a significant increase in the level of ifn-γ production in the mice group treated with nanoparticles compared to control groups. additionally, there was a reduction in the level of il-4 and tumor size in the test group. conclusions: d-glucosamine nanoparticles can be proposed as a stimulator of the immune system and a promising compound for cancer treatment in the future.